It has recently been revealed that autophagy suppression and a combination of chemotherapeutic treatment have been approached as a potential treatment for cancer ( Perez-Hernandez et al., 2019), although this depends on the context and type of cancer. However, autophagy deregulation is now considered to be one of the most characteristic features for tumor progression ( White, 2015). This review emphasizes the current perspectives and the role of p53 as the main regulator of autophagy-mediated novel therapeutic approaches against cancer treatment and managements.Īutophagy, a self-degradative intracellular process, is an essential mechanism of the cell that facilitates renewal or removal of cellular molecules, thereby balancing the cell’s energy consumption and maintaining homeostasis ( Rahman and Rhim, 2017 Rahman et al., 2020a). Additionally, several synthetic drugs and phytochemicals have been targeted to modulate p53 signaling via regulation of autophagy pathway in cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of p53 and autophagy shows reciprocal functional interaction that is a major importance for cancer treatment and manegement. Therefore, elucidation of the new functions of p53 and autophagy could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches in cancer biology. On the other hand, activation of autophagy by p53 has been recommended as a protective function of p53. It has been found that p53 suppression and activation are important to modulate autophagy for tumor promotion and cancer treatment. Emerging evidences have been suggested that the dual role of p53 which suppresses and stimulates autophagy in various cencer cells. Recently, several experimental studies have been reported that p53 can act both an inhibitor and an activator of autophagy which depend on its cellular localization as well as its mode of action. Numerous studies have found that p53 modulates autophagy, although the relationship between p53 and autophagy is relatively complex and not well understood. Autophagy, a cellular self-defense system, is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process involved in various physiological processes that maintain cellular homeostasis. p53 has been implicated as a tumor suppressor protein that has multiple aspects of biological function comprising energy metabolism, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, growth and differentiation, senescence, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and cancer biology. The key tumor suppressor protein p53, additionally known as p53, represents an attractive target for the development and management of anti-cancer therapies.
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